What is provided along the slope of high embankment as an erosion control measure?

The use of a berm along the slope of a high embankment serves as an effective erosion control measure. A berm is essentially a raised barrier, often made of soil, that is constructed on the slope's surface. Its primary function is to reduce the speed of water runoff, which can significantly help in minimizing soil erosion. By interrupting the flow of water, berms promote the infiltration of water into the soil, which stabilizes the ground and prevents the washout of soil materials.

In addition to reducing erosion, berms can also enhance the stability of the embankment by providing additional support and helping to manage surface drainage effectively. They serve as physical barriers, assisting in controlling potential erosion factors, particularly during heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt.

While retaining walls are structural components meant to support vertical embankments, drainage ditches primarily focus on directing water away from areas to prevent flooding rather than specifically controlling erosion on slopes. Slope covers, such as vegetation or geotextiles, can also be erosion control measures but do not serve the same structural purpose as a berm in directly managing slope runoff.